Syntrichia caninervis var. astrakhanica var. nov. is described from Astrakhan Province, where it was found in a number of localities, and also it is known from one place in Volgograd Province. The variety is peculiar in producing gemmae on long branched filaments, and they are typically clustered in great abundance at shoot tips. The more abundant are gemmae, the smaller are plants, and also leaves around gemmae have no hyaline hair-point and cells are weakly papillose to smooth and lamina is unistratose throughout. Variation in leaf shape is similar to that known in S. abrachesii (Luis.) Ochyra (Tortula caninervis var. abrachesii (Luis.) Kramer), which is known only from Spain.